Case Series
 
Abdominal menstruation: A dilemma for the gynecologist
Seema Singhal1, Sunesh Kumar1, Yamini Kansal2, Deepika Gupta3, Mohit Joshi1
1Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
2Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
3Senior resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
4Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India

Article ID: Z01201706CS10088SS
doi:10.5348/ijcri-201709-CS-10088

Address correspondence to:
Seema Singhal
E2 Ansari Nagar (west) AIIMS campus
New Delhi 110029
India

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How to cite this article
Singhal S, Kumar S, Kansal Y, Joshi M, Gupta D. Abdominal menstruation: A dilemma for the gynecologist. Int J Case Rep Images 2017;8(6):370–375.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Menstrual fistulae are rare. They have been reported after pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic radiation therapy, trauma, pelvic surgery, endometriosis, tuberculosis, gossypiboma, Crohn’s disease, sepsis, migration of intrauterine contraceptive device and other pelvic pathologies. We report two rare cases of menstrual fistula.
Case Series: Case 1: A 27- year-old nulliparous female presented with complaint of cyclical bleeding from the abdomen since three years. There was previous history of hypomenorrhea and cyclical abdominal pain since menarche. There is history of laparotomy five years back and laparoscopy four years back in view of pelvic mass. Soon after she began to have blood mixed discharge from scar site which coincided with her menstruation. She was diagnosed to have a vertical fusion defect with communicating left hypoplastic horn and non-communicating right horn on imaging. Laparotomy with excision of fistula and removal of right hematosalpinx was done. Case 2: 25-year-old female presented with history of lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) and burst abdomen, underwent laparotomy and loop ileostomy. Thereafter patient developed cyclical bleeding from scar site. Laparotomy with excision of fistulous tract and closure of uterine rent was done.
Conclusion: Clinical suspicion and imaging help to clinch the diagnosis. There is no recommended treatment modality. Surgery is the mainstay of management. Complete excision of fistulous tract is mandatory for good long-term outcomes.

Keywords: Abdominal menstruation, Excision of fistulous tract, Menstrual fistula, Salpingocutaneous fistula, Uterocutaneous fistula



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Author Contributions
Seema Singhal – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Sunesh Kumar – Analysis and interpretation of data, Critical revision of the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Yamini Kansal – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Deepika Gupta – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Mohit Joshi – Analysis and interpretation of data, Critical revision of the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of support
None
Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright
© 2017 Seema Singhal et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.