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Case Report
Venous thromboembolism in children: A rare case report
1 Registrar, Department of Paediatrics, Lautoka Hospital, Lautoka, Fiji
2 MD, Paediatrics, MPhil (HHSM), Professor, Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
Address correspondence to:
Ashnita Ashvini Krishna
Department of Paediatrics, Lautoka Hospital, Lautoka,
Fiji
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Article ID: 101054Z01AK2019
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Krishna AA, Dubey AK. Venous thromboembolism in children: A rare case report. Int J Case Rep Images 2019;10:101054Z01AK2019.ABSTRACT
Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an uncommon presentation in the pediatric population. Although its incidence is 60 times less in children compared to adults, VTE is gaining increased importance due to the difficulty in investigating its cause, lack of evidence-based established treatment guidelines, and increased morbidity and mortality.
Case Report: This is a case report of a 3-year-old child who was being treated for pneumonia and was noticed to have diffuse edema on right chest wall and right upper extremity. Doppler ultrasound confirmed thrombosis of right subclavian and internal jugular veins. The patient was treated with anticoagulants but succumbed before the actual cause of VTE could be found. Bone marrow biopsy results obtained five days later showed findings suggestive of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) versus reactive causes such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Conclusion: This case has been reported for the rarity of the condition, the many difficulties faced in working up to reach a diagnosis and the absence of standardized guidelines for treatment in children compared to adults.
Keywords: Anticoagulant therapy, Pediatrics, Venous thromboembolism
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Dr Virisila Ciri for histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis and Dr Krishneel Krishna for helping in typing and computer work.
Author ContributionsAshnita Ashvini Krishna - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Alok Kumar Dubey - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2019 Ashnita Ashvini Krishna et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
