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Case Report
Buruli ulcer and HIV co-infection in a Nigerian woman on antiretroviral therapy
1 Doctoral Student, Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
2 Head of Department, Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
3 Head, Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
4 Head of Department, Public Health and Epidemiology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Adewale Adegboyega Oke
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Nigeria
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Article ID: 100994Z01AA2019
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Oke AA, Komolafe IO, David AN, Akinwale OP. Buruli ulcer and HIV co-infection in a Nigerian woman on antiretroviral therapy. Int J Case Rep Images 2019;10:100994Z01AA2019.ABSTRACT
Introduction: Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer) is a re-emerging neglected tropical disease characterized by extensive destruction of the skin and soft tissue resulting in the formation of ulcers. Despite the increase in prevalence, Buruli ulcer(BU) is one of the least studied tropical diseases particularly in Nigeria where the disease was first described in 1967. With the high burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in sub-Saharan Africa, and West Africa being the epicenter of BU disease in the world, a co-infection of BU and HIV is invariably inevitable.
Case Report: This communication describes the case of a woman on antiretroviral therapy before presenting with a WHO category III Buruli ulcer lesion that was successfully treated with Rifampicin/Clarithromycin therapy complemented by surgery. The patient presented in WHO stage 1 HIV infection with very low HIV Viral Load and moderate immunity. It was at a point of high HIV viraemia and lowered immunity that she developed the initial painless nodule that subsequently broke down to multifocal necrotic ulcer that turned out to be a BU lesion.
Conclusion: In recent years, there have been several reports of BU/HIV co-infection, including treatment options and challenges with management. However, no such report has emanated from Nigeria.
Keywords: Buruli ulcer, Co-infection, Human immunodeficiency virus, Nigeria
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions
Adewale Adegboyega Oke - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Isaac Olumuyiwa Komolafe - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Agatha Nkiruka David - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Olaoluwa Pheabian Akinwale - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2019 Adewale Adegboyega Oke et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
