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Case Report
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| Bilateral facial nerve paralysis and acute HIV-1 infection |
| Roman Leonid Kleynberg1, Joshua Leonid Kleynberg2 |
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1Resident (PGY-1), Department of Internal Medicine, UCLA Olive View Residency Program, Sylmar, CA USA.
2No affiliations. |
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doi:10.5348/ijcri-2011-08-47-CR-2
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Address correspondence to: Roman Leonid Kleynberg Department of Internal Medicine 14445 Olive View Drive Sylmar California USA Phone: 818 694 1690 Fax: 818 783 3268 Email: roman.kleynberg@ucla.edu |
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| How to cite this article: |
| Kleynberg RL, Kleynberg JL. Bilateral facial nerve paralysis and acute HIV-1 infection. International Journal of Case Reports and Images 2011;2(8):5-7. |
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Abstract
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Introduction:
Bilateral facial nerve paralysis is a rarely reported but recognized complication that follows acute HIV-1 infection. HIV seroconversion illness or acute HIV infection is present in approximately 40-90% of primary HIV infected patients. Patients with acute HIV-1 infection typically present with fever, rash myalgias, arthralgias, and lymphadenopathy. Most of these appear in two to four weeks following the initial infection. We report a patient experiencing HIV-1 seroconversion as described who presents with bilateral facial nerve paralysis. Related literature of this subject is also reviewed.
Case Report: We report a 33-year-old Hispanic male, with no significant past medical history, who presented with bilateral facial nerve paralysis in the setting of a viral-like prodrome of fevers, malaise, muscle aches and sore throat. After a full workup, the patient was subsequently diagnosed with an HIV-1 infection. His facial paralysis resolved over a course of five months. Discussion: Unilateral and bilateral facial paralysis occur at over 100-fold greater frequency in HIV-infected patients. However, even among patients with an acute HIV infection, bilateral facial paralysis is exceedingly rare, as only 12 cases have been reported worldwide over the last 20 years. Because the onset of facial paralysis closely follows HIV-1 seroconversion, its presence can facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of those newly infected with HIV-1. Conclusion: In a patient who is at risk and presents with a new facial paralysis, HIV infection should be considered as a possible underlying etiology. | |
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Key Words:
Bilateral facial paralysis, HIV-1
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Author Contributions:
Roman Leonid Kleynberg - Conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Critical revision of the article, Final approval of the version to be published Joshua Leonid Kleynberg - Conception and design, Critical revision of the article, Final approval of the version to be published |
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Guarantor of submission:
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission. |
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Source of support:
None |
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Conflict of interest:
Authors declare no conflict of interest. |
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Copyright:
© Roman Leonid Kleynberg et al. 2011; This article is distributed the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any means provided the original authors and original publisher are properly credited. (Please see Copyright Policy for more information.) |
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